Cannabis prohibition curtailed the development of cannabis seeds in the United States. Wendy Mosher from New West Genetics joins Joy Beckerman to talk about all the challenges now associated with creating stable, reproducible cannabis seeds. Their discussion covers many aspects of plant genetics including future opportunities. Produced by PodCONX https://podconx.com/guests/wendy-mosher
Cannabis prohibition curtailed the development of cannabis seeds in the United States. Wendy Mosher from New West Genetics joins Joy Beckerman to talk about all the challenges now associated with creating stable, reproducible cannabis seeds. Their discussion covers many aspects of plant genetics including future opportunities.
https://podconx.com/guests/wendy-mosher
Dan Humiston: [00:00:08] Welcome to another episode of Hemp Barons, I'm Dan Humiston. And on today's show, Joy is joined by one of the United States leading Hemp seed producers. They talk about the challenges creating hemp seeds to increase yield and enable large scale production. Their conversation covers all aspects of Hemp genetics, including future opportunities. Let's join Joy's conversation with Wendy Moser from New West Genetics.
Joy Beckerman: [00:00:41] Well, welcome to Hemp Barons, Miss Wendy. Thank you so much for being with us today. Thanks for having me, Joy. You know, you and your husband, Dr. John McKay.
Joy Beckerman: [00:00:49] There are couples, very special couples. I can count them on one hand around the globe who are as dedicated and have already contributed so much to the world's most versatile, valuable prop Hemp.
Joy Beckerman: [00:01:04] And certainly you do that through new genetics in Colorado, your global leader, and genetics and education in advancing this emerging crop, recognizing what the market needs are before we get into everything that you do and all that you're involved in. Can you share that with what brought you to Hemp, Wendy?
Wendy Mosher: [00:01:24] Sure. Well, a very circuitous route. Certainly, I you know, John and I have been together for over 20 years. We have two different careers in many ways. However, you know, as a as a couple, we share in each other's lives pretty deeply. So as John was traveling through his schooling from, you know, p_h_d_ to post-doc to his professorship, we moved around the country and even the world quite a bit. Always, you know, interacting and meeting with plant scientists. And so I developed and though I am a natural born educator, I developed an interest as well in agriculture. You know, a little bit more at the applied level than than John. So I have a passion for sustainability, for, you know, improving world food systems while still maintaining and feeding the world. It's a tremendous challenge. I feel very passionate about the fact that it's a complex solution and will involve many solutions. And I passionately believe that Hemp is part of that solution. So so that's how I came to it. And then in a more direct sense, we happened to be you know, half our story is truly it's not just John and my other partner Rich's expertise, but it's also just being fortunate enough to have been in Colorado when that farm bill passed.
Joy Beckerman: [00:02:52] And you really found yourself at the at the epicenter nationally. What are some of the most popular genetics that you folks are selling right now through new best genetics? I know obviously we have infrastructure set up for the Hemp extract or cannabinoids types of varieties. And certainly we're looking to expand in a huge way. And of course, as you mentioned, feeding the world, which is my passion, big grain and fiber varieties that hemp seed, as you well know, is a superfood that needs a super Kate. It is so nutrient dense, the highest form of digestible protein in the entire plant and animal kingdom.
Joy Beckerman: [00:03:36] What are you seeing right now from some farmers through new W genetics in terms of what they're planting?
Wendy Mosher: [00:03:43] So certainly I'll talk about the genetic gains that we've made and how they apply our it takes. I just want to say that, you know, our industry, Joy, as you know, has always been kind of cart before the horse, and that was absolutely out of necessity and understandable. However, when we started, we wanted to put the horse back in front and we knew it would take years. So we were looking at products, you know, years down the line. It takes a good four years to to create a stable variety with all the traits you want. So our varieties don't just have one trait. They have, you know, between twelve, 16 traits. So, of course, the market right now is a tension is on CVD and other cannabinoids. However, when you think about acreage. Right, which is how we think about agriculture, it's not just about the money. It's about what is going to demand the most acreage. And we see that in green. So our first varieties we created the first and foremost trait we we knew we needed to do was the low point 3 THC. We've always put compliance first. So that was our first goal along with all the agronomic traits that make it a mechanically planted and harvested crop.
Wendy Mosher: [00:05:10] So so the one we sell the most, the long answer.
Wendy Mosher: [00:05:14] So when we sell the most right now is our green variety, because those are the first. There's two actually now that are ASQA certified, which was another goal of ours to provide more value to farmers are those are our most in demand.
Wendy Mosher: [00:05:29] I would say although we haven't released it yet because it's it's not quite right for us yet. We want to do one more year and get it certified before we release as our. That enhanced CBD variety abound. So we've got abound in the queue and then we have a bound plus the following year that will be coming out. Both of them are sort of will be will enter a ASQA certification. I don't want to be presumptuous this coming season, the twenty twenty season. So those, you know, are by no means the only traits we work on. But we knew we needed to get those out first.
Wendy Mosher: [00:06:06] And we're we're very excited in some ways about the IFR because we have put compliance first. So, you know, we've created dayshift, they're all day shifts. So that means they have separate males and separate females, which is unusual in agriculture. But we believe it's the most cost effective way to produce the plant. Both of them are all delicious and we've created this slow compliant THC as well as, you know, very enhanced CBD varieties. So we're proud of that.
Wendy Mosher: [00:06:37] It's not usual in the industry, but I believe that's the way this is going to be produced long term because you can get the seed to use for green as well as the flower for its nutraceutical magic.
Joy Beckerman: [00:06:52] You know, I it's so important to continue to educate folks that we're really talking about the whole plant here. And Glenn, when we're talking about a plant as unique as Hemp, where every single part of it not only can be used, but has very unique and useful purposes that set it apart from the rest of the fibers or grains or oil seeds, for example. As you well know, even the root balls contain valuable and unique try turbines that are difficult to locate anywhere in the plant kingdom. And they're not they don't exist in any other part of the plant. And then, of course, we have the longest, strongest fibre in the world in that stock, the outer vast fibre that bark and the inner woody core. We're talking paper, textiles, building materials, bio composites, bio resins, energy, supercapacitors fuel, nanotechnology. And then, of course, we have that nutrient dense seeds that not only, of course, at Higher Digest highest digestible form of protein, but the perfect ratio of omega 3s and vitamins and minerals and folic acid and soluble and and Cybele dietary fibre and all of that. And and then, of course, the incredibly valuable and adenoids and tappings in the flowering tops and the leaves and the resins. And we want to be able to use all of that. And it's going to take technology in order for us to be able to use all the parts of the plant that we're growing in in the same crop. And it's going to take brilliant breeders like you and your husband and your counterparts around the world. I also want to just make sure the listeners know we use a lot of acronyms in our industry. And so when Wendy talks about the IFR, she's talking about the USDA is interim final rule, which they've published in the Federal Register on October 30 first. That's for the domestic Hemp production program currently in a comment period. But they're testing and sampling guidelines, which are the main focus of the public comments because there are so stringent and in many ways a onerous and unreasonably selled involving the DEA and so on and so forth.
Joy Beckerman: [00:08:57] But they're very strict and you have to be extremely compliant. And when we talk about a Oska Wendys, this is referring to the Association of Official Seed's certifying agencies. And and so a Oska, as well as the ECD, the Organisation for Economic Co-operative Development, have developed schemes for some years now to certify pedigreed seeds in Hemp that are unique, distinct and stable, which is really how agriculture works.
Joy Beckerman: [00:09:27] And while we certainly have many varieties throughout the world that have already many Hemp varieties, grain and fibre varieties that have been certified as unique, distinct and stable as as the crop emerged here in the United States, we realised, well, gee, some of the the grain varieties that are growing great in Manitoba don't go so wonderfully in Kentucky with that photo period in that climate. And so it's just a very exciting revolution. But with the extract him. And I think what really underscores, Wendy, when you say how it's unusual, what you have been able to accomplish at New West is these extract varieties, of course, are newer. They CBD from Hemp and cannabinoids being extracted from the Hemp plant sort of hit us all like a ton of bricks six or so years ago. And and these grain and fibre varieties, we've been breeding the resins down, essentially breeding the cannabinoids down in order to make sure we'd stay compliant. Well, under that point, three THC limit or threshold. And when the extracts came round, we started breeding the resins back in. And of course, that THC is the.
Joy Beckerman: [00:10:39] Earliest one, could you share with us the story, Wendy, about some of the challenges are an interesting discovery that you made trying to to do accomplish what you have, in fact done, and that is to make a unique think and stable, high cannabinoid variety of Hemp.
Wendy Mosher: [00:11:00] Sure.
Wendy Mosher: [00:11:01] So, you know, there wasn't a lot and Dena. on that pathway prior to, you know, 2014 when we started, it was thought that it was impossible to sort of separate those two cannabinoids because they were on the same pathway. Now, we've absolutely seen breeders, you know, prior to us have success in doing that, although, you know, getting it compliant, wasn't it? I think they just I think they absolutely could have had success. It just wasn't a priority, you know. And so it's what we found is that because we breed multiple traits, it just took longer. Right, because it wasn't our primary trait. How do we just focused on that? We probably could have done it, I'd say like three seasons earlier. But it's it's just about selection. Genetics is a numbers game. It's simply about selection and numbers and being willing to throw away ninety nine percent of what you grow each season in each turn of your breeding cycle. So, you know, it's certainly possible for anyone to repeat what we did. They're using highly selective breeder traits. It just wasn't profitable. So, you know, so it's Joy. What I'm saying basically is it's not a big secret for commercial breeders to understand how to do that. However, it just takes, you know, resolve and strength. And if you're like us and you weren't putting profits first for the first few years, you had to raise money.
Wendy Mosher: [00:12:36] So that's what we did. And you have to get a second mortgage on your house, et cetera, and put up your daughter's college fund. And so that's sort of what we did.
Wendy Mosher: [00:12:46] But we knew there was no way this plan was not going to be a big Kids 1 discovery. We did make that sort of new data as of last year for us. John looks very deeply at genetics by environment impact and a pretty common belief. Just because we didn't know any better in Hemp was that those cannabinoids can just vary wildly and unpredictably by their environment. And what we discovered through resequencing a number of varieties public as well as things brand and variety trials is that indeed the cannabinoids are over 80 percent controlled by genetics, which is awesome news.
Wendy Mosher: [00:13:30] So in well, Brent certified variety are not necessarily certified, but any well bred varieties stable over, you know, multiple breeding season two and then grown out to prove this stable multiple times. We see the genetic stable across regions now. Now when I say stable. I mean, you know, not varying more than maybe a hundredth of a percent. So it's not impactful on that compliance piece, but you still see it, you know, varying a tiny bit out there.
Wendy Mosher: [00:14:02] So that that's wonderful news. It's been proven through those EU and Canadian varieties. While they may not perform in yield, which is highly controlled by environment, it's more like 50, 50, 50. Ripe for yield impacts. It's just wonderful news that we can achieve that consistency across regions and should give everyone sort of relief that it can be done. It'll be OK. We always say with our varieties you don't have to test prior to harvest. You can just be confident that when we release something, it will be compliant to harvest full maturity.
Wendy Mosher: [00:14:38] I should say, you know, and yes.
Joy Beckerman: [00:14:41] And in fact, there was, you know, the policy as evolved in Canada because they started regulating in 1998 and then probably about three years ago, it may maybe for now, time passes so quickly in this revolution. They began a policy where, hey, if a variety had tested below point two and their threshold is not greater than point 3 percent. But for this policy, it says if your varieties are testing below point to for two years in a row, then we are no longer going to require field testing. You're here. You're on the exempt from the exempted field testing list. And and I would be excited will be excited for something like that to happen. I think another of the many disappointments that we see in the IFR, the USDA is interim final rule is nothing. No mention of a seed certification program in there. What do you think about that? What if you got to set policy and I know you're involved on so many levels of setting policy in the state and and even at the national level. What would you say if you got to write? What would be the key points for seed certification with our own domestic program, with the regulator being the United States Department of AG?
Wendy Mosher: [00:16:00] So seed certification and the interim final rule. And I you know, I think about this from two different perspectives. One, as an industry member and one as a regulator. If I were a regulator, I would absolutely want certified seed only because that would make my job easier. As an industry member, I recognize that folks want to see their high CBD. That's what they value and seed. It is more efficient in extraction. The fact that there isn't a lot of certified seed that is high CBD gives me pause. Our recommendations to the USDA is that, you know, either one they consider two things. We live in America, right? People want choice. They don't want to be forced to choose only certified seed. They don't do that in any other crop. Canada and Europe, of course, demand certified seed only. But we do things a little differently.
Wendy Mosher: [00:16:56] They like that because that saves space for innovation.
Wendy Mosher: [00:17:01] So what I think would be useful is either one Faizan certified seed for a period of, you know, two to three years when I think there will be plentiful CBD varieties that are certified.
Wendy Mosher: [00:17:15] So either phase it in or give incentives for people who use certified seed. Like you mentioned, Joy Prior, you know, maybe those are exempt from testing. I wouldn't say forever because in order to, you know, continue to keep our variety pure, you must roeg every few years or you must create a better varieties. So you you've got to keep track of it because it will, you know, generally kind of some folks will say drift. I think that's improper genetic term for it. But it doesn't stay as pure. So you've got to ROEG Which means you go through and clean it out that, you know, around flowering time and that again. And when it's mature and by flowering time, every now and then also, you know, when the females are mature so that there's work that you have to do to maintain that genetic purity, which is why I think every three years or so doing it to see validation is not a bad idea. But giving those incentives and perhaps another incentives that could be granted is a tiered system of crop insurance. So of course, if you're using a certified seed, it's got way more assurance. Insurance companies would like that, right. Something that's been validated by third parties. So that should be either reimbursed at a higher level or things like that.
Joy Beckerman: [00:18:31] Soand I love these insights and this is really fantastic. And I'm sure that it will that the USDA is certainly thinking about this, particularly on on the federal crop insurance side, which I know is still very much in in a development phase.
Dan Humiston: [00:18:51] I want to take a quick break to thank you for listening to today's show as the exclusive Cannabis podcast network. We're constantly adding new Cannabis podcast to support our industry's growth. And that's why we're so excited to welcome the Seed to Sound podcast to our network.
Dan Humiston: [00:19:08] The team at Seed to Sound has produced over 50 Exciting and thought-provoking Cannabis podcasts. And now you can listen to all their previous episodes and all their new episodes. MJBulls dach. So welcome Steve. So stay tuned for new exciting Cannabis podcast on the MJ Boules Cannabis podcast.
Joy Beckerman: [00:19:37] I also know you're very much involved with the hand-feed coalition, and we've had folks on, we've had Amy Ruth, we've had Ethan boy, he's on this show before, who I know, of course, are also very involved in the hand-feed coalition.
Joy Beckerman: [00:19:52] Can you talk a little bit about why it's so important for us to open up this market, expand these markets for farmers, but even in the entire food chain, and if you can tie it into it very much is tied into, of course, the carbon emissions. How what does it mean to really be able to get ad feed, to get the Hemp feed, this valuable, nutritious seed approved to feed our agricultural livestock and cattle and and all of the species.
Wendy Mosher: [00:20:24] So, one, I want to talk about how it impacts the industry first and then I'm going to get to health. It is essential to the vigor and the health of our industry that we get this approved in animal feed. We will never be taken seriously as a crop. We will always be around, you know, maybe 200, 300 thousand acres, which is not much in AG unless we get approved in feed. And the other reason that's important, Joy, is for your know, your fiber applications as well. So we've got issues right now with large grain processors and even, you know, feed formulations that we can't get them enough for them to bother even running a test. So the acres are highly important and that will come when, you know, people are dying to put this in food that in animal feed, they get it. They really want to put these products out. And of course, God love our industry people already doing it, even though it's not true.
Wendy Mosher: [00:21:29] I do love that rebellious spirit, but it's it's essential to getting this into the food chain. As you said, and for the life of our industry, we need to see those acres so that we can really penetrate the nutrition in you. I mean, you already hit the nail on the head about the omegas. There's no other plant that compares with this ratio and it can compete with fish. And we've got, you know, some tremendous challenges in our oceans with depleting the supply of species. And so why not use something more sustainable and a better source of omega 3s? We don't make them ourselves. We have to get that externally. It's essential for human health. So so why not source that from Hemp? No one. But also on the feed side, there's it has every all nine essential proteins. Right? So it can compete with soy. However, it's more. Thus far we've seen studies that show it's more digestible and ruminants than soy. So so we've got some data on that. We have data on increasing the Omega 3 and hens. And it also has a really interesting lipid called Gehna, literally like acid JLA, which there's no other plant that has as much of this very healthy lipid. So if you look at some papers, you'll find some details on that. But it's it's so unique, Joy. And it's it's but we need the scale and we're not going to really go far without that scale. And that's why it's essential to get it into feed, let alone right where we consume animals. Those animals. Are you a healthier food source instead of just corn, which corner is great for? You know, a couple of things. But let's face it, it's not nearly as nutritious as Hemp, but it's got to be affordable. I mean, all these these decisions that people make and this ties into feeding the world, it's all about cost right now because it's such overwhelming numbers that they have to hit. What what we hope to achieve is.
Wendy Mosher: [00:23:44] And I think it's happening a little is this. Even if we get a slight shift in consciousness about the long term value. So putting numbers to the long term value of health of animals and humans. I think we're starting to see that shift when people talk about, you know, the costs of health care, etc. If we can head that off by eating healthier in the first place to prevent some of these need it. But it it involves thinking about more than just your company. Right. And your company's bottom line. So that's the challenge. That's always been the conflict and the rub. So I hope I answered your question. I probably went a very circuitous route.
Joy Beckerman: [00:24:26] It's so thorough and so insightful and very, very valuable. You you folks have. I continue to study, are creating, are making the way through through this industry.
Joy Beckerman: [00:24:37] So no, everything that you say is is quite valuable to us and and to the listeners. You also knew as genetics also sells various products. You've got flour products. You sell grain in addition to the genetics. Would you tell us a little bit about those products?
Wendy Mosher: [00:24:54] Sure. So we don't know the selling. We created extract this year because we test our varieties before we put them out. So our goal is to sell seed. And that's always been our goal. But we're basically helping fund our company by selling bike byproducts of that research. So anytime you create a seed variety, you must bulk it up. So you have to have a season where you multiply that seed. So once you stabilize it, then it needs that extra season to do so. So we've got this, you know, CBD variety. Why let that flower go to waste? All right. So and then and then we learn things, too, for farmers to agronomy on the harvest methods, et cetera. So we can add value that way with the seed. We can add the knowledge of, you know, actual production. This is how you produce it. So so, yes, we create extraction.
Wendy Mosher: [00:25:49] We take flour through extraction with some trusted partners. We have some wonderful distilleries this year that it's beautiful and it's really has a lovely profile. We also have an in each varieties, you know, coarse, really interesting to see what those profiles are and to take it through to just a plant so we can see how it you know, it results in the final product. So really, it's wholesale. So so that's highly informative to debriefers. How any crop is processed helps inform us and helps us make different choices sometimes for selection so that we can suit processing best. And so so you asked about products. So those yes, we create green. But now that our Greenbrier's are fully stable, fully certified, we will just license that seed.
Wendy Mosher: [00:26:44] So we've got some great partners who are very highly adept and have all the infrastructure for green processing, post processing, storage facilities, et cetera.
Wendy Mosher: [00:26:55] So so are you know, right now and every year we release a new CDG or a new cannabinoid variety.
Wendy Mosher: [00:27:02] There will be a distillate coming from that. I'm on the fiber side. I just wanted to address something. You know, you talked about all those applications and they're very exciting. But as far as a breeding perspective goes, thus far we haven't found that we can create a triple, you know, use variety and I mean flower green fiber yet for those long fibers. So a lot of energy goes into the plant when it's creating, you know, those very tall fiber varieties and you'll get less flour. However, I think the exciting innovations you are talking about and as you know, adjusting the processing method and maybe even some kind of chemical applications through the processing may not make it as important that we have the long fibers for certain applications like paper, like building materials. So what I just want to put a call out to people who have innovative processing methods on the fiber side. You know, we always want to stay in touch with those people. So we understand their needs as far as what what it needs to look like when it comes out in the biomass. So that was just a shout out for help.
Joy Beckerman: [00:28:16] And Wendy, what they see as the challenges before for getting ag feed approved by ASCO, by the FDA. I know that I lived in Washington state for some years and was very much a part of the of the emergence of the crop there through lawmaking and rule making. And there was a study we passed a law at one point that that directed the Washington State Department of AG to study bee laying hen. And it took a year and it was some 40000 pages long, I think. But in the end, it seemed that it was this concern over the potential bio accumulation of THC and and almost also a can not that there was any evidence of that. That just seemed to be this remaining concern and that they needed to do more research and further that there was even a consumer perception concern like, oh, my goodness, if we start allowing our our dairy cows and our laying hens in the state of Washington to be fed Hemp seeds, maybe the consumers will be afraid that that milk and eggs from the state of Washington will get them intoxicated. What do you see around these? Challenges around those particular concerns.
Wendy Mosher: [00:29:34] I understand that concern. These producers have a lot at risk. I understand that concern back then. I believe the industry has done an incredible job at educating the public and it's just going to accelerate now that the farm bill, the 2018 farm bill has legalized it federally.
Wendy Mosher: [00:29:55] So I believe at that time, I understand why they had that concern. You know, and here when Wheat Co. went through that process of studying kind of the landscape of research and what do we need to do policy wise to get this approved? That was led by the Colorado Department of Bag. What do we need to do to get this approved in feed? We worked with the Cattlemen's Association and they have a tremendous amount at stake because these people are international businessmen. Right. And women and or they're national. They're moving products from state to state. And they didn't have any education on what feed would look like.
Wendy Mosher: [00:30:34] We didn't have the numbers right. Of the different constituents for them. So I absolutely understand. One key piece that people didn't understand at the time that they need to understand is that cannabinoids are not present in the seed. They are not present. And they develop in the the trichomes as the flower develops. So it's, you know, days and days and days after the plant begins growing that you see them now where we get into trouble as an industry and where we need to be tip top shape is the conditioning and cleaning of the seed. So imagine, if you will, a beautiful flower as the seed develops. Of course, it develops in the flower. Right. So it's touching cannabinoids. So all we need to do and every other country has shown this with the human food that has allowed him. So in Europe as well as in Canada, that indeed you can clean it well enough that the cannabinoids are not present at the THC is down to the parts per million or whatever level that it needs to be to put products out that are safe for humans. Now, the FDA knows this. AFCO understands this. They just need to see the research. They can't move without the research. So you asked what the challenges. And I'm you know, the Hemp Feed Coalition, by the way, developed out of this effort by Colorado Department of ADD in this actual report they created for the legislature saying here's our recommended next steps is that we set up this kind of, you know, unified association between that's between, you know, industry, the feed industry, between the Hemp industry to help move these through the FDA. And the FDA was a part of all of those discussions and that work extremely supportive of green in animal feed.
Wendy Mosher: [00:32:27] Absolutely supportive. They just need to see these holes filled with the research. And so we started the Hemp Feed Coalition with the sole mission to support and shepherd applications, food application petitions through the FDA. And they worked closely with ASCO and the Association of American Association of Seed certifying their organization. So they set standards and nutrition definitions for the feed. So the challenge is that the industry needs to step up. You know, a number we need to support. We've got 13 unfunded research studies that are going to plug these holes. So if you are in the Hemp industry, you will benefit from increased acreage, which I don't know a single, you know, company that will not. You need to step up and contribute. It won't take a lot if we all step up. Right. But it needs to happen in these studies. The good news is they can happen quick. You know, I've heard of three month turnaround on animal studies. So it's unheard of. It's backrest, of course, that it was approved in four humans before it was approved for animals. I don't think that's ever happened for any other food source. So if we can all work together, please look up Hemp feed coalition dot org make a contribution. Your contribution. Those dollars are so stringently spent. We all approved the budget for the year. You've got about twelve industry leaders looking at that budget and approving it. And to make sure it's spent as much as possible on know efficient means and application to the FDA. Super helpful. So please contribute.
Joy Beckerman: [00:34:09] It's absolutely everything. It's everything. And folks can contribute by going to it. I believe it is. Friends of Hemp dot org and I'm checking right now in case it's friends of Hemp dot com because it makes a big difference. And we don't want to get it wrong. And I if I remember correctly, I got it wrong when we had Miss A.M.E. on. But. First, she corrected me. I am not sure. Do you know the Yes, friends of Hemp gorg, everybody, friends of Hemp.
[00:34:43] Yet dot org. And the good news is your contribution is tax deductible. So we work with friends of Hemp. They are our fiscal sponsor. Amazing organization is handling the financials entirely for temp feed coalition very responsible board there. And they are a 5:23. So your donation is tax deductible.
Joy Beckerman: [00:35:06] Such fantastic work, such important work. You are really, as I often describe it, to the heroes that are on the show and heroines on this show chopping the wood and carrying the water for this industrial, agricultural and public health revolution and animal health revolution.
Joy Beckerman: [00:35:22] Wendy, thank you for everything used to your husband, Dr. John McKay, do every day for him.
Joy Beckerman: [00:35:28] I'm looking forward to our next encounter and to continue to learn from you and to work with you as we deliver the promise of Hemp. Thank you so much for being with us today.
Wendy Mosher: [00:35:39] Thank you, Joy. Joy, it's a pleasure talking with you and all.
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